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Differences Between Enclosure Materials for Electrical Switchboards

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There are two main choices in steel for enclosing your electrical switchboard - stainless steel and mild steel. Both have their advantages and disadvantages.

Threats


Switchboards installed outside are at much greater risk than those indoors. The threats can be compounded by the environment including heavy rain, high levels of humidity, corrosive minerals such as sea salt, dust and UV radiation. If the switchboard is in an insecure area, there is also the risk of vandalism.

Stainless Steel


The greatest benefit of using stainless steel is that it’s impervious to corrosion and staining. The chromium and nickel within stainless steel stop the corrosion occurring. However, it is harder than most other materials to work with and cut because it is structurally strong.

There are multiple grades of stainless steel. The most common one is 304 which contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel while 316 contains 16% chromium, 10% nickel and 2% molybdenum. The increased component of nickel makes high-grade stainless steel more expensive than mild steel.

Due to its properties, stainless steel can be left uncoated in indoor and outdoor locations. Being able to be washed down easily, it is popular in the food industry because it doesn’t attract a build-up of oil and bacteria. Stainless steel is the only choice for harsh coastal environments.

Mild Steel


Also known as low-carbon steel, mild steel has the advantage of being more cost effective than stainless steel. Being 25 times stronger than plastic, it is a longer lasting option too. Mild steel contains approximately 0.05–0.25% of carbon making it easy to work. Mild steel lacks the alloy elements found in stainless steel which makes it rust if it’s not coated. Suitable coatings include zinc-coating, galvanising, powder-coating and painting. The tiny quantities of alloy elements mean it is more affordable, weldable and machinable than stainless steel and therefore a popular choice for the right application.

Mild steel is used in a range of indoor and outdoor applications except in areas that are impacted by corrosion.

Aluminium


Aluminium is another option for switchboards, particularly if mild steel is not suitable due to its location in a coastal location. While aluminium does corrode, it can be used outdoors. It builds a layer of white aluminium oxide which seals the inside layer of aluminium from oxygen. Aluminium is usually powder-coated or painted for aesthetic reasons. A thicker sheet of aluminium may be needed than mild steel as it’s not as strong. Unlike steel, aluminium is not magnetic.

The choice of material used in electrical switchboard enclosures will depend on where it is located, the industry and budget.

Do you have more questions on this? It is recommended that seeking the opinions of experts for further information on enclosure materials for electrical switchboards, is the next step to take. 
Location: Perth WA, Australia

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